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Before prohibition, before many people even knew cannabis existed, scientists had to classify and categorize it botanically. Descriptions and samples from this time period generally go unnoticed by the public; so check out these old samples and descriptions of our favorite plant collected by courageous explorers who made sure they withstood the sands of time.
Likely the first botanical description of the plant now known as cannabis turned up in a book calledHortus Malabaricus. This massive compilation first came out in 1678 in Amsterdam and provides descriptions and drawing of 780 medicinal plants from Dutch Malabar, a territory that was then governed by the Dutch East India Company.
Kalengi-Cansjava
Tsjeru-cansjava
Most famous for its detailed illustrations, Hortus Malabaricus doesn’t disappoint with its drawings of Kalengi-Cansjava (top) and Tsjeru-cansjava (bottom), but it’s a shame the artist didn’t get capture the plant during full flowering. The text, written in Latin, describes the plant’s anatomical makeup, its use for fiber and seed, its use as a drug and even referenced smoking it. The name originates from the native Malayalam language of the Malabar region in India, now known as Kerala.
Later on Carl Linnaeus, the father of modern taxonomy, published descriptions with the plant’s current name, cannabis sativa. “Cannabis” comes from the Greek word Kannabis and “sativa” is a botanical adjective meaning cultivated. He used wild specimens of cannabis from his native Sweden, two of which are preserved at the Linnean Herbarium: