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4. Other Highly Combustible Metals
Hafnium,
plutonium, thorium, uranium and zirconium are all highly combustible
metals. The hazards of this group are similar to those of magnesium, and
the same safeguards should be applied except as noted in the following:
Uranium
isotopes 233 and 235, plutonium, and thorium are radioactive, and
present the same fire and explosion hazards as other combustible metals.
They have been known to ignite spontaneously. As coarse particles,
metals in this group offer little hazard; but in powder form, they
present severe dust explosion possibilities. Some burn readily in pure
nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas, and explode on contact with oxidizing
agents. Some heat spontaneously in air and must be stored and handled
under a nonreactive liquid or gas. Chips and other fine particles ignite
easily, and special care is needed to prevent ignition of chips by the
friction of cutting. Fine particles of these metals should be shipped
and stored in approved DOT containers.
When molten or when burning,
all these metals react vigorously with water, foam, carbon dioxide
vaporizing liquid, and dry chemical extinguishing agents. Applied
directly to the burning material, these agents will intensify burning
and may cause an explosion. Approved dry powder extinguishing agents,
dry sand, graphite chips, limestone, or talc are used to smother fires.