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During Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and other inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), harmless E.coli bacteria in the gut can become harmful. Within the gut, there is a variety of bacteria, including E.coli, which normally is non-threatening, but can become so in IBD patients. When E.coli in IBD patients becomes harmful, it can trigger flare-ups and contribute to further worsening of the disease.
Matam Vijay-Kumar, assistant professor of nutritional sciences and medicine at Penn State, said, “Several types of inflammatory bowel disease are characterized by expansion of the opportunistic E. coli in the gut. However, the mechanisms, by which E. coli can thwart the hostile host innate immune system, are poorly understood. Identifying these mechanisms will help to reduce the E. coli burden in the inflamed gut and prevent chronic extra-intestinal diseases.”