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Bee Foraging Chronically Impaired By Pesticide Exposure Says Study
A study co-authored by a University of Guelph scientist that involved fitting bumblebees with tiny radio frequency tags shows long-term exposure to a neonicotinoid pesticide hampers bees’ ability to forage for pollen.
The research by Nigel Raine, a professor in Guelph’s School of Environmental Sciences, and Richard Gill of Imperial College London was published today in the British Ecological Society’s journal Functional Ecology.
Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) workers with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags.
Photographer: Richard Gill
The study shows how long-term pesticide exposure affects individual bees’ day-to-day behaviour, including pollen collection and which flowers worker bees chose to visit.
“Bees have to learn many things about their environment, including how to collect pollen from flowers,” said Raine, who holds the Rebanks Family Chair in Pollinator Conservation, a Canadian first.
“Exposure to this neonicotinoid pesticide seems to prevent bees from being able to learn these essential skills.”
The researchers monitored bee activity using radio frequency identification (RFID) tags similar to those used by courier firms to track parcels. They tracked when individual bees left and returned to the colony, how much pollen they collected and from which flowers.
Bees from untreated colonies got better at collecting pollen as they learned to forage. But bees exposed to neonicotinoid insecticides became less successful over time at collecting pollen.
Neonicotinoid-treated colonies even sent out more foragers to try to compensate for lack of pollen from individual bees.
Besides collecting less pollen, said Raine, “the flower preferences of neonicotinoid-exposed bees were different to those of foraging bees from untreated colonies.”
Raine and Gill studied the effects of two pesticides – imidacloprid, one of three neonicotinoid pesticides currently banned for use on crops attractive to bees by the European Commission, and pyrethroid (lambda cyhalothrin) – used alone or together, on the behaviour of individual bumblebees from 40 colonies over four weeks.
“Although pesticide exposure has been implicated as a possible cause for bee decline, until now we had limited understanding of the risk these chemicals pose, especially how it affects natural foraging behaviour,” Raine said.
Neonicotinoids make up about 30 per cent of the global pesticide market. Plants grown from neonicotinoid-treated seed have the pesticide in all their tissues, including the nectar and pollen.
“If pesticides are affecting the normal behaviour of individual bees, this could have serious knock-on consequences for the growth and survival of colonies,” explained Raine.
The researchers suggest reform of pesticide regulations, including adding bumblebees and solitary bees to risk assessments that currently cover only honeybees.
“Bumblebees may be much more sensitive to pesticide impacts as their colonies contain a few hundred workers at most, compared to tens of thousands in a honeybee colony,” Raine said.
Contacts and sources:
University of Guelph
Farmers have grown crops for thousands of years without pesticides. Until an independent, non-biased study can prove these pesticides are not killing bees, farmers should not be using them. If the bees die off there will be no crops to use pesticides on. I also saw them advertising a GMO apple on the news not long ago. An apple that doesn’t go brown after being bitten. It was being advertised as if it were a good thing. Nothing mankind has ever created can compare to the perfection of nature. Anyone who thinks they can “modify” nature to make it work better is an arrogant fool.
Good article, thanks
Most farmers today are “under contract” to the various canneries or mills that buy their produce. Contract farmers are told when to plant, what to plant, when to irrigate, and what pesticides to use. A similar system operates for those farmers that raise animals as well.
The whole agricultural system is highly controlled, and individual farmers have very little say so in anything.
One study traced the specific pesticide that is killing the bees back to Bayer. Yes, the very same company famous for its aspirin ALSO makes pesticides!
Usually I have to watch where I step in my yard if I make a quick barefoot dash to the mailbox due to bees that are on the clover blossoms.Not so this year there are no bees!
Quite true. I have alledged this for years, but lets take it one step further. Monsanto’s GMO’s which contain grafted insecticide genes do not differentiate between beneficial and destructive insects. If an insect will not eat that crap why would you feed it to your kids?