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Most Common Diseases of the 50+:Upper gastrointestinal disorders – GastrIc Ulcers: Phytochemcals to prevent gastric ulcer

Saturday, December 22, 2012 5:40

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Home of Kyle J. Norton for The Better of Living & Living Health The prevalence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is increasing in subjects aged 65 years and over. Pathophysiological changes in esophageal functions that occur with aging may, at least in part, be responsible for the high prevalence of
1. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in old age.
2. The incidence of gastric and duodenal ulcers and their bleeding complications is increasing in old-aged populations worldwide.
3. H. pylori infection in elderly patients with H. pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease and severe chronic gastritis
4. Almost 40% of GU and 25% of DU in the elderly patients are associated with the use of NSAID(1) and/or aspirin(2).(a)

II. Gastric ulcers
Gastric ulcer, a type of peptic ulcer is defined as a condition of a localized tissue erosion in the lining the stomach.
D. Preventions
D.3. Phytochemcals to prevent gastric ulcer
Plants and phytoconstituents are better choice to treat diseases than the allopathic drugs. Most of the drugs used in primitive medicine were originated from plants and are the earliest and principal natural source of medicines. The drugs from plants are fairly innocuous and relatively free from toxic effects(28).
1. Fructans
Fructans found abundantly in onion, are small carbohydrate molecules that help maintain gastrointestinal health by sustaining beneficial bacteria(27).

2. Phenols
Polyphenols display a number of pharmacological properties in the GIT area, acting as antisecretory, cytoprotective, and antioxidant agents. The antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds have been widely studied, but it has become clear that their mechanisms of action go beyond the modulation of oxidative stress. Various polyphenolic compounds have been reported for their anti-ulcerogenic activity with a good level of gastric protection(29). Other indicated that the antimicrobial activity was greater in extract mixtures than in individual extracts of each species. The results also indicate that the synergistic contribution of oregano and cranberry phenolics may be more important for inhibition than any species-specific phenolic concentration(30).

3. Anthocyanins
Edible berries, a potential source of natural anthocyanin antioxidants, have demonstrated a broad spectrum of biomedical functions. In the study by InterHealth Research Center, showed that OptiBerry exhibits high antioxidant efficacy as shown by its high oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values, novel antiangiogenic and antiatherosclerotic activities, and potential cytotoxicity towards Helicobacter pylori, a noxious pathogen responsible for various gastrointestinal disorders including duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer, as compared to individual berry extracts. OptiBerry also significantly inhibited basal MCP-1 and inducible NF-kappabeta transcriptions as well as the inflammatory biomarker IL-8, and significantly reduced the ability to form hemangioma and markedly decreased EOMA cell-induced tumor growth in an in vivo model(31).

4. Triterpenes
In study of the extracted isolation of Eugenia umbelliflora Berg. (Myrtaceae): taraxerol, alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, betulin and betulinic acid from the leaves, as well as trimethoxy ellagic acid from the fruitshe extracts of Eugenia umbelliflora Berg. (Myrtaceae), found that E. umbelliflora leaves display gastro-protective activity, as demonstrated by significant inhibition of ulcer formation in the different models. The results suggest that the gastroprotective activity may be attributed, at least in part, to the triterpenes(32).

5. Oleuropein
In the study to assess the antioxidant abilities of oleuropein in comparison with ranitidine in ethanol-induced gastric damages via evaluation of ulcer index inhibition, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation level, found that oleuropein has beneficial antioxidant properties against ethanol-induced gastric damages in the rat. Therefore, it seems that a combination regimen including both antioxidant and antisecretory drugs may be beneficial in prevention of ethanol-mediated gastric mucosal damages(33).

6. Etc.

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For common types of diseases of Ages of 50+, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.ca/p/better-of-living-health-50-over.html