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Isothiocyanates and oxidative stress

Sunday, February 10, 2013 14:10

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Home of Kyle J. Norton for The Better of Living & Living Health Sulfur represents approximately 1/4% of our total body weight and occurs principally in the body as a constituent of the cysteine and methionine. It plays an important role in protein synthesis and enzyme reaction functions and is found abundantly in broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, etc.
Organosulfides
Organosulfur compounds presented in natural food are generally considered as beneficial for health because of their antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. This has led to their excessive and long-term consumption. However, there is also evidence that these compounds demonstrate toxicity and adverse health effects suggesting their potential dual biological roles. Thus, they can act as double-edged biological swords(a).
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is organosulfur compounds found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables and responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, wasabi, etc.
Isothiocyanates and oxidative stressThe choroid plexuses (CPs) form the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (BCSFB) and play an important role in maintaining brain normal function and the brain response to injury. According to the study by the University of Michigan, Sulforaphane (SF) significantly reduced H(2)O(2)-induced BCSFB disruption as assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (29 ± 7% reduction vs. 92 ± 2% decrease in controls) and [(3)H]mannitol permeability. Allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) had a similar protective effect. H(2)O(2)-induced epithelial cell death was also reduced by these isothiocyanates. In primary CP cells, SF and AITC reduced cell death by 42 ± 3% and 53 ± 10%, respectively. Similar protection was found in a CP cell line Z310. Protection was only found with pretreatment for 12-48 h and not with acute exposure (1 h). The protective effects of SF and AITC were associated with Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulated expression of antioxidative systems regulated by Nrf2, including heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase, and cysteine/glutamate exchange transporter(7).

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