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In June of 2012, the high-resolution stereo camera on Mars Express exploration probe recorded the area with bright spots resembling a surface covered with snow on the Red Planet near Charitum Montes, a large group of rugged mountains near the Gale crater and the Argyre basin. Recently scientists discovered that this effect is produced by frozen carbon dioxide.
The area is a fairly large group of rugged mountains stretching for 1,000 kilometers along the southern tip of the Argyre crater. They were first described in 1929 by Eugène Michel Antoniadi. They can be seen from the Earth through a .
To a terrestrial observer the mountains look like a terrain with old relief, including larger forms and nearly covered with craters of an impressive size. Smaller craters in the shape of pedestals are significantly more numerous. They emerge during the formation of the elevated landscape. The material in such places is resistant to erosion, and the rock is destroyed slower than in the immediate environment, hence the elevations.
Carbon dioxide that adds brightness to the Martian surface in this area is better known as carbon dioxide that we exhale into the atmosphere. On Earth it enters the underground structures of the soil and is formed by decomposition of in various reservoirs, tanks, silos and similar areas that provide for slow oxidation reaction of carbon. In addition, it is found in spring water. In household carbon dioxide is used in firefighting as it reduces concentration of oxygen in the air, making it difficult to burn. Incidentally, foam extinguishers look like snow.
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