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Nanoscale, 2015, 7,19144-19151
DOI: 10.1039/C5NR05812K, Paper
Ju Hun Kim, Youn Jeong Jang, Jin Hyun Kim, Ji-Wook Jang, Sun Hee Choi, Jae Sung Lee
A 1D ZnFe2O4 photoanode is treated under a hydrogen or vacuum atmosphere to improve the photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity up to 20 times. This post-treatment creates oxygen vacancies in the ZnFe2O4 lattice that serve as a source of electron donors and passivates surface trap sites, and as a result improves charge transfer.
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http://nanochemistry.blogspot.com/2015/11/defective-znfe2o4-nanorods-with-oxygen_13.html